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The reports came as a strong earthquake with a preliminary magnitude of 6.3 jolted the Tokyo area and its surrounding areas. Japan's Meteorological Agency said the quake struck at 8:08am local time [23:08 GMT] on Tuesday. There were no initial reports of injuries or damage in the Tokyo prefecture. No tsunami warning was issued. But the Tokyo Electric Power Co (TEPCO), the Fukishima Daiichi nuclear plant's operator, said a fire had briefly broken out at No 4 reactor. TEPCO said the fire at a box that contained batteries in a building near the reactor was discovered at about 6:38am and put out seven minutes later. It was not clear whether the fire was related to Tuesday morning's earthquake. The cause was being investigated.
Earlier, the government expanded an evacuation zone around the Fukushima plant because of the high levels of accumulated radiation since a tsunami hit the complex a month ago, causing massive damage to its reactors. Al Jazeera's Harry Fawcett reported from Mizusawa that many Japanese are very concerned about the longterm impact of the radiation in the areas surrounding the site. "Certainly the refugees, or the people who've been evacuated ... they've often being saying to us they're not sure they're being told the full story," Fawcatt said. "The impact is certainly spreading." Jasmina Vujic, professor of nuclear engineering at UC Berkeley, said that there were major differences between the Chernobyl disasters and Fukushima.
Chernobyl was situated in an area with a high population density in the centre of Europe, she said, whilst the Japanese plant is in a lightly populated, costal region. "From that point of view, the impact on environment and population, would be much smaller than Chernobyl," Vujic told Al Jazeera. Kyodo said the government's Nuclear Safety Commission had estimated that at one stage the amount of radioactive material released from the reactors in northern Japan had reached 10,000 terabequerels per hour for several hours, which would classify the incident as a major accident according to the INES scale.
The International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES), published by the International Atomic Energy Agency, ranks nuclear incidents by severity from 1 to a maximum of 7. Kyodo did not say when the big increase in radiation had happened but quoted the commission as saying the release had since fallen to under 1 terabecquerel per hour. The commission also released a preliminary calculation for the cumulative amount of external exposure to radiation, saying it exceeded the yearly limit of 1 millisieverts in areas extending more than 60kmto the northwest of the plant and about 40km to the south-southwest. "It has been obvious all along this was a 7. There are three reactors that are not being cooled [No 1, 2 and 3] and four fuel pools too [No 1, 2, 3, and especially 4]," said Arnie Gundersen, a veteran of the nuclear industry who worked on reactors similar to those at Daiichi and who is now chief engineer at Fairewinds Associates Inc of Burlington, Vermont.
Gundersen said that meant there were at least seven cores or pools that had been in difficulty. He noted that at Chernobyl it was only one reactor that created the problem. Japan had previously assessed the accident at reactors operated by TEPCO at level 5, the same level as the Three Mile Island accident in the US in 1979. The tsunami was triggered by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake on March 11, the largest recorded in quake-prone Japan, crippling the reactors' cooling systems. TEPCO said on Monday it had stopped the discharges of low-level radioactive water into the sea that have drawn complaints from neighbouring China and South Korea.
It has already pumped 10,400 tonnes of low-level radioactive water into the ocean to free up storage capacity for highly contaminated water from the reactors. On Monday, shortly after Japan marked one month since the quake, a huge aftershock shook a wide swathe of eastern Japan, killing two people, and knocking out power to 220,000 homes. It was one of more than 400 aftershocks above a 5 magnitude to have hit the area since March 11. Because of accumulated radiation contamination, the government is encouraging people to leave certain areas beyond its 20km exclusion zone around the plant. Thousands of people could be affected by the move. Masataka Shimizu, TEPCO's president, visited the area on Monday for the first time since the disaster. He had all but vanished from public view apart from a brief apology shortly after the crisis began and has spent some of the time since in hospital.[/p]
