Having some charisma isn't a bad thing, but it is possible to have charisma and still be qualified and intelligent. Republicans continue to nominate the least-qualified candidates they can possibly find, while Democrats value the skills necessary to legislate and govern.
No, that's his foreign policy writ large. Nothing 'in a nutshell' about it.
Registered Democrats aren't quite half of all registered voters, you're correct on that. Neither are they a minority among registered voters, however. The breakdown is
40% Democrat, 29% Republican, 28% Independent.